Introduction:

Gastric cancer, also known as stomach cancer, is a significant health concern in India and globally. In this article, we will explore gastric cancer in detail, focusing on the Indian context. We will discuss the signs and symptoms, classification, causes, triggers, risk factors, types of gastric cancer, diagnostic tests, treatments, complications, prevention techniques, and shed light on public figures in India who have been diagnosed with gastric cancer. Our aim is to provide information in simple and layman language, making it accessible to everyone.

Signs and Symptoms:

Gastric cancer can present with various signs and symptoms, including:

• Indigestion and Heartburn: Persistent discomfort or burning sensation in the upper abdomen.
• Abdominal Pain: Constant or recurring pain in the stomach area.
• Loss of Appetite: Reduced desire to eat, leading to unintended weight loss.
• Nausea and Vomiting: Feeling of queasiness and vomiting, particularly after meals.
• Fatigue: Persistent tiredness and lack of energy.

What Is Gastric Cancer?

Gastric cancer refers to the growth of malignant cells in the lining of the stomach. It is a type of cancer that develops gradually over time, and early detection plays a crucial role in effective treatment.

How Is Gastric Cancer Classified?

Gastric cancer is classified based on the location of the tumor, the type of cells involved, and the growth pattern. The classification includes:

• Location-Based Classification: Gastric cancer can be classified into cardia cancer (affects the upper part of the stomach near the esophagus) and non-cardia cancer (affects the lower part of the stomach).
• Histological Classification: This classification describes the type of cells involved, such as adenocarcinoma (the most common type), lymphoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), and others.

Causes and Triggers:

The exact causes of gastric cancer are not fully understood. However, certain factors may contribute to its development, including:

• Helicobacter pylori Infection: Chronic infection with Helicobacter pylori bacteria is a significant risk factor for gastric cancer.
• Dietary Factors: A diet high in smoked, pickled, or salted foods, and low in fruits and vegetables, may increase the risk.
• Tobacco and Alcohol Use: Smoking tobacco and consuming excessive amounts of alcohol can elevate the risk of gastric cancer.

Risk Factors:

Several risk factors can increase the likelihood of developing gastric cancer, including:

• Age: The risk of gastric cancer increases with advancing age, with most cases occurring in individuals over 50 years old.
• Family History: Having a close relative (such as a parent or sibling) with gastric cancer raises the risk.
• Previous Stomach Conditions: Individuals with a history of certain stomach conditions,such as chronic gastritis, gastric polyps, or previous stomach surgery, may be at higher risk.

Types of Gastric Cancer:

Gastric cancer can manifest in different forms, depending on the location and cellular characteristics. Common types include:

• Adenocarcinoma: The most common type of gastric cancer, accounting for the majority of cases. It begins in the cells that line the innermost layer of the stomach.
• Lymphoma: A type of cancer that develops in the lymphatic tissue of the stomach.
• Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (GIST): A rare type of gastric cancer that starts in the cells of the stomach wall.

Diagnostic Tests and Treatments:

Diagnosing and treating gastric cancer involves a comprehensive approach. Diagnostic tests may include:

• Endoscopy: A thin, flexible tube with a camera (endoscope) is inserted into the stomach to visualize and obtain tissue samples for further examination.
• Biopsy: Tissue samples obtained during endoscopy are analyzed under a microscope to confirm the presence of cancer cells.
• Imaging Tests: Imaging techniques like CT scans, MRI, or PET scans may be used to determine the extent of cancer spread.

Treatment options for gastric cancer depend on the stage of the disease and may include:

• Surgery: Surgical removal of the tumor and surrounding tissues may be performed, either by partial gastrectomy (removal of a portion of the stomach) or total gastrectomy (removal of the entire stomach).
• Chemotherapy: The use of drugs to kill cancer cells or slow their growth. It can be administered before or after surgery to reduce the risk of recurrence.
• Radiation Therapy: High-energy beams are used to target and kill cancer cells, often combined with surgery or chemotherapy.

Complications of Gastric Cancer:

Gastric cancer can lead to various complications, including tumor spread to nearby organs, lymph nodes, or distant sites (metastasis), as well as nutritional deficiencies and other medical complications. Timely treatment and regular follow-up care are essential to monitor and manage potential complications.

Prevention Techniques:

Although the prevention of gastric cancer is challenging, certain measures may help reduce the risk:

• Helicobacter pylori Eradication: Treating and eradicating Helicobacter pylori infection can significantly reduce the risk of gastric cancer.
• Healthy Lifestyle Choices: Maintain a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables, limit processed and salty foods, avoid tobacco use, and consume alcohol in moderation.

Gastric cancer, also known as stomach cancer, is a challenging and potentially life-threatening disease. Recognizing the urgent need for comprehensive care, Marengo Asia Hospitals across India has emerged as a pioneering force in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of gastric cancer. With their state-of-the-art facilities, skilled medical professionals, and patient-centric approach, Marengo Asia Hospital is revolutionizing the way this disease is handled, offering hope and improved outcomes for patients battling gastric cancer.

Advanced Diagnostic Capabilities

Marengo Asia Hospitals is equipped with cutting-edge diagnostic facilities that enable early detection and accurate diagnosis of gastric cancer. They employ advanced imaging techniques, such as endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), computed tomography (CT) scans, and positron emission tomography (PET) scans, to precisely locate and stage the tumor. These technologies assist in determining the extent of cancer spread, facilitating the development of personalized treatment plans.

Multidisciplinary Treatment Approach

At Marengo Asia Hospitals, a multidisciplinary team of experts collaborates to deliver comprehensive care to patients with gastric cancer. This team comprises surgical oncologists, medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, gastroenterologists, nutritionists, and supportive care specialists. Their combined expertise ensures that each patient receives an individualized treatment approach that optimizes outcomes and addresses the unique challenges posed by gastric cancer.

Surgical Expertise

Marengo Asia Hospitals is home to some of the most skilled surgical oncologists specializing in gastric cancer treatment. They employ advanced surgical techniques, including minimally invasive laparoscopic and robotic-assisted surgeries, to remove cancerous tumors while preserving surrounding healthy tissues. These procedures offer numerous benefits, including shorter recovery times, reduced post-operative pain, and improved cosmetic outcomes. In cases where surgery is not possible, the network’s experts employ alternative treatment modalities to effectively manage the disease.

Precision Radiation Therapy

For patients with gastric cancer, Marengo Asia Hospitals offers advanced radiation therapy options, such as intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and proton therapy. These technologies deliver targeted radiation to the tumor, minimizing damage to healthy tissues and reducing the side effects associated with traditional radiation therapy. The precise nature of these treatments enhances outcomes while improving the quality of life for patients undergoing radiation therapy.

Tailored Medical Oncology

Medical oncologists at Marengo Asia  Hospitals employ a personalized approach to treatment, utilizing a range of therapies based on the specific characteristics of the patient’s cancer. They employ chemotherapy, targeted therapies, and immunotherapies to attack cancer cells while minimizing the impact on healthy tissues. By staying up-to-date with the latest advancements in medical oncology, Marengo Asia  Hospitals ensures that patients have access to the most innovative treatment options available.

Comprehensive Supportive Care

The Marengo Asia  Hospitals recognizes the importance of holistic care and provides comprehensive supportive services to gastric cancer patients. These include nutrition counseling, pain management, psychological support, and palliative care. By addressing the physical, emotional, and psychosocial needs of patients, Marengo Asia Hospitals ensures a holistic approach to treatment, optimizing patient comfort and quality of life throughout their journey.

Clinical Trials and Research

Marengo Asia Hospitals actively participates in clinical trials and conducts research to advance the field of gastric cancer treatment. By collaborating with leading research institutions and pharmaceutical companies, they contribute to the development of new therapies and treatment protocols. Patients benefit from access to groundbreaking treatments that may not be widely available, giving them the opportunity to explore innovative options and potentially improve their outcomes.

Gastric cancer presents significant challenges to patients and healthcare providers. However, Marengo Asia Hospitals across India stands at the forefront of combating this disease. With their advanced diagnostic capabilities, multidisciplinary approach, skilled surgical and medical oncologists, state-of-the-art treatment options, and comprehensive supportive care, they are revolutionizing the management of gastric cancer. Through their commitment to research and clinical trials, Marengo Asia Hospitals offers hope and improved outcomes for patients battling this complex disease.