The primary aim of screening is to get a rough insight into the patient’s nutritional status and food preferences. Nutritional Screening is done immediately after patient’s admission but within 24 hours of admission of the patient. Out-Patients also get advised about nutrition, as and when needed.

Dietician checks nutritional intake before visiting the patient. A feedback from the nursing staff and relatives of patients provides the necessary clinical basis to plan further feeds/ liquids.

At Marengo CIMS Hospital, diets are classified into basically four types: 

1. Clear Liquid:Diet  in  which  milk,  thick  soups  and  thick  juices  are  avoided.

2. Full Liquid  Diet:In which all types of juices, milk and milk products, soups are included. The patients on liquid diets and tube feeding are monitored on a daily basis. Biochemical parameters like blood glucose, serum creatinine, serum proteins and electrolytes levels are checked and diet plan is modified accordingly. Nutritional evaluation of the patients on tube feeding in the critical care units is done wherein the patients tolerance and acceptance of the feed is checked. In the Ryle’s Tube Aspiration (RTA) for 24 hours, biochemical parameters are noted and modifications are made accordingly in the liquid diet plan. For patients, on tube feeding the aspiration level is monitored on a daily basis and the caloric density of the feed is then increased / decreased accordingly.

3. Soft Diet:It contains very soft food and is easily digestible for the patient. Patients whose intake are inadequate or are unable to eat a large quantity at one time are provided with additional liquids or an additional mid meal snacks.

4. Full Diet:It consists  of  balancing  nutrients  consisting  of  cereals,  pulses, fruits,  green  vegetables  and  limited  amount  of  sugar  and  oil. Certain dietary modifications will be made as per the patients’ eating habits, preferences and disease condition. Special consideration is provided to patients with religious beliefs. Food choices are given to International patients considering their condition of disease and availability of materials.

Special need diets

1. Low Fat  and  Low  Fat-Low  Cholesterol  Diet:  This  type  of  diet  is  recommended  for  CVD (cardiovascular disease)  patients specially  with  high  cholesterol  level  and  obesity  as  risk  factors,  along  with  hepatic  dysfunction.  As recommended by Indian Council Of Medical Research (ICMR), the visible fat should not exceed more than  25  gm  in  a  day  or  in  percentage  it  should  not  exceed  20 -35%  of  total  calories.  Animal fats  such  as whole  milk  and  milk  products  should  not  exceed  more  than  10%  of  total  calories.
2. Anti Diabetic  Diet:  This  diet  is  calories  and  protein  specific  recommended  for  subjects  with  blood  glucose  above  130  mg/dl  in  fasting  condition  and  180  mg/dl  in  post  prandial condition.  It  excludes  simple  carbohydrates  like  sugar,  honey,  jaggery,  mango, banana, fruit  juices,  coconut  water, chickoo,  plain rice,  potato and sweet  potatoes. It includes complex carbohydrates like rice with vegetable combination or cereals and pulses in combination. Also, frequent meals are advised to maintain glucose balance in the body of these subjects.

• Low Protein  Diet:  This  diet  is  often  prescribed  to  patients  with  kidney  or  liver  dysfunction.  A suggested  acceptable level  of protein  in  a  low  protein  diet  is  about  0.6g/kg  of  body  weight  per  day  or  about  40-50  gms/day.

1. High Protein  Diet:  It  is  often  recommended  to  build  muscle  and  loose  fat.  It is also advisable for ICU and trauma patients. Recommended value of protein for a normal person is 1 gm/ body weight. In case of high protein diet, it can be 1.5-2 gm/ body weight.
2. Renal Diet: Recommended for patients with renal dysfunction.  Generally  foods  high  in  potassium, phosphorus,  salt  and  protein  like  palak,  methi, tomato,  coriander  leaves,  coconut  water, fruit  juices, papad, pickles, raw vegetables, raw fruits (except papaya and apple), whole pulses, etc. are restricted.

Over  all,  Marengo CIMS Hospital  provides  low  fat  low cholesterol  diet  for  all  patients  which  changes  from  time  to  time  as  per  requirement. The dietitian may modify the diet as per his/her discretion after discussing the case with the clinician.

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