DERMATOLOGY

1. Chemical Peel

Different types of peel with different mode of action are available at Marengo CIMS Hospital Dermatology. They are used in various indications like:

• Facial rejuvenation
• To reduce facial blemishes
• Pigmentations
• Open pores, etc.

2. Acne Scar Treatment:

Acne is the most common skin disorder and can be defined as a chronic and inflammatory disease of pilosebaceous unit, generally found in adolescence with pleomorphic lesions like comedones, papules, nodules, and cysts.

Causes of Acne:

• Family/genetic history
• Cosmetic products
• Stress
• Diet
• Exposure to some chemicals
• Hot weather
• Poor hygiene
• Use of anabolic steroid
• Puberty and menstrual changes

3.Platelet Rich Plasma Therapy (PRP) Therapy:

Through PRP therapy, stem cells are injected in to damaged tissue that stimulates formation of a new tissue.

Indications:

• Hair regrowth
• Scars
• Dark circle around eye
• Skin rejuvenation

4.Hair Growth Treatment:

Various Mesotherapy along with PRP helps in hair regrowth.

5.Radiocautery Treatment:

It is an instrument through which different types of warts, moles are treated and removed without any scaring or pigmentation.

6.Intralesional Injection Therapy:

It is a therapy where injected directly into a lesion on or immediately below the skin for Keloids, Alopecia Areata, Hypertrophic Scars, etc.

7.Biologics treatment:

For chronic debilitating disorders like Pemphigus Vulgaris, Psoriasis, Hidradenitis Suppurativa, etc.

PSORIASIS

Psoriasis is a chronic Papulosquamous Disorder. It starts at any age right from infancy to old age.

1. It is a recurrent disorder.
2. It can affect any disorder area of skin.

Mostly, seen over:

1. Elbows, knees, scalp, feet, hands, nails, joints in adult
2. In neonates & infants- diaper area, face, scalps are mostly affected

The affected skin looks Red & Scaly.

Prevalence in male & female is equal.

Age of Onset:

Mean Age: 23-37 years.
Early onset: 16-22 years – Severe & extensive course
Late onset – Milder form

Causes:

1. Likely result of genetic & environmental factors
2. Unknown Antigen Stimulate Immune Response

Trigger factors:

1. Infection
2. Skin Trauma
3. Psychological Stress
4. Drugs
5. Sunburn
6. Pregnancy

It can affect joints too.

Investigation: Skin Biopsy to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment:
Medication depends upon:

1. Disease Pattern
2. Severity
3. Extent
4. Site of Disease
5. Associate Comorbid Condition

Treatment includes:

1. General Measures and Topical Therapy
2. Photo Therapy
3. Systematic & Biological Therapy

General Measures:
Reduce/eliminate potential triggering factor:

1. Stress
2. Smoking
3. Alcohol
4. Trauma
5. Drugs
6. Infections

• Approximately 70% of patients with mild to moderate Psoriasis can be managed with Topical Therapy alone.
• Regular use of moisturizer is essential and soap should be avoided

Different Systemic Therapy & Biological Therapy options are also available to control severe Psoriasis such as:

1. Methotrexate
2. Cyclosporine
3. Acitretin

Newer Biological agent therapy:

1. Adalimumab
2. Etanercept
3. Infliximab

Conclusion: Psoriasis is a chronic disorder occurs due to unknown antigen stimulation. It may persist lifelong, but it can be controlled and patient can lead a good quality of life with medication & general measures.

SUPERFICIAL FUNGAL INFECTION

(Dermatophytosis)/Ringworm

1. It is a highly prevalent disease now-a-days with a high recurrence rate.
2. Inappropriate use of over- the-counter medicine for ringworm infection has made it highly resistant to proper antifungal treatment.

Causative agent: Fungus

Triggering factor:

1. Hot & humid atmosphere
2. Lack of hygiene
3. Overcrowding
4. Genetical Predisposition
5. Presence of other co-morbid condition like Diabetes, Immunosuppression, Malnutrition

Common Sites:

1. Groin
2. Scalp
3. Inframammary areas in women
4. Buttocks
5. Palm & Sole
6. Thorax
7. Nail

Treatment:

1. Proper antifungal treatment for adequate duration is mandatory.
2. Alongwith medication, few general measures also required.

Dos:

1. Wash your hands frequently.
2. Dry your skin well after bath or shower.
3. Change your socks daily.
4. Keep your skin around genitals clean and dry.
5. Wear clean cotton socks & breathable shoes.
6. Press your undergarments by turning them inside out.
7. Visit a doctor if you see any signs of fungal infections.
8. Wash all athletic clothes and undergarments after use.
9. Dry your clothes out in the open sun.

Don’ts:

1. Don’t wear tight fitting underwear & pants.
2. Don’t visit gyms, public pools or public bathing areas until your infection is cured.
3. Avoid wearing the same clothing, and wearing occlusive clothing such as wet weather gear & nylon pantyhose for long periods.
4. Don’t share towel, sheet, personal clothing & shoes.
5. Don’t wear socks that cause your feet to sweat for e.g. nylon fabric.
6. Don’t share hair brushes or combs or other personal hygiene items.
7. Don’t keep wet clothes in the cupboard.
8. Avoid touching pet with bald spots.
9. Don’t cut nail cuticles.
10. Avoid scratching your infection.

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